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Article Dans Une Revue Ecography Année : 2023

Multi‐colony tracking of two pelagic seabirds with contrasting flight capability illustrates how windscapes shape migratory movements at an ocean‐basin scale

Arnaud Tarroux
Vegard Bråthen
Sebastien Descamps
Morten Ekker
  • Fonction : Auteur
Per Fauchald
  • Fonction : Auteur
Malin Johansen
Børge Moe
Tycho Anker-Nilssen
Ingar Bringsvor
  • Fonction : Auteur
Signe Christensen-Dalsgaard
Francis Daunt
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nina Dehnhard
Kjell Einar Erikstad
  • Fonction : Auteur
Maria Gavrilo
Erpur Hansen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Mike Harris
Hálfdán Helgason
  • Fonction : Auteur
Magdalene Langset
  • Fonction : Auteur
Svein‐håkon Lorentsen
Benjamin Merkel
Mark Newell
Bergur Olsen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Tone Reiertsen
  • Fonction : Auteur
Geir Systad
Thorkell Thorarinsson

Résumé

Migration is a common trait among many animals allowing the exploitation of spatiotemporally variable resources. It often implies high energetic costs to cover large distances, for example between breeding and wintering grounds. For flying or swimming animals, the adequate use of winds and currents can help reduce the associated energetic costs. Migratory seabirds are good models because they dwell in habitats characterized by strong winds while undertaking very long migrations. We tested the hypothesis that seabirds migrate through areas with favourable winds. To that end, we used the SEATRACK dataset, a multi‐colony geolocator tracking dataset, for two North Atlantic seabirds with contrasting flight capabilities, the black‐legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla and the Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica , and wind data from the ERA5 climate reanalysis model. Both species had on average positive wind support during migration. Their main migratory routes were similar and followed seasonally prevailing winds. The general migratory movement had a loop‐shape at the scale of the North Atlantic, with an autumn route (southward) along the east coast of Greenland, and a spring route (northward) closer to the British Isles. While migrating, both species had higher wind support in spring than in autumn. Kittiwakes migrated farther and benefited from higher wind support than puffins on average. The variation in wind conditions encountered while migrating was linked to the geographical location of the colonies. Generally, northernmost colonies had a better wind support in autumn while the southernmost colonies had a better wind support in spring, with some exceptions. Our study helps understanding how the physical environment shapes animal migration, which is crucial to further predict how migrants will be impacted by ongoing environmental changes.
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hal-04249057 , version 1 (19-10-2023)

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Françoise Amélineau, Arnaud Tarroux, Simon Lacombe, Vegard Bråthen, Sebastien Descamps, et al.. Multi‐colony tracking of two pelagic seabirds with contrasting flight capability illustrates how windscapes shape migratory movements at an ocean‐basin scale. Ecography, 2023, pp.e06496. ⟨10.1111/ecog.06496⟩. ⟨hal-04249057⟩
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