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Article Dans Une Revue Insect Science Année : 2023

The transcriptomic signature of responses to larval crowding in Drosophila melanogaster

Résumé

Intraspecific competition at the larval stage is an important ecological factor affecting life-history, adaptation and evolutionary trajectory in holometabolous insects. However, the molecular pathways underpinning these ecological processes are poorly characterised. We reared Drosophila melanogaster at three egg densities (5, 60 and 300 eggs/mL) and sequenced the transcriptomes of pooled third-instar larvae. We also examined emergence time, egg-to-adult viability, adult mass and adult sex-ratio at each density. Medium crowding had minor detrimental effects on adult phenotypes compared to low density and yielded 24 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including several chitinase enzymes. In contrast, high crowding had substantial detrimental effects on adult phenotypes and yielded 2107 DEGs. Among these, upregulated gene sets were enriched in sugar, steroid and amino acid metabolism as well as DNA replication pathways, whereas downregulated gene sets were enriched in ABC transporters, Taurine, Toll/Imd signalling and P450 xenobiotics metabolism pathways. Overall, our findings show that larval crowding has a large consistent effect on several molecular pathways (i.e., core responses) with few pathways displaying density-specific regulation (i.e., idiosyncratic responses). This provides important insights into how holometabolous insects respond to intraspecific competition during development. Graphical Abstract: Graphical Abstract/Highlights: The transcriptomic signature of responses to larval crowding in Drosophila melanogaster. High larval crowding delays development and reduce adult body size Upregulated gene sets included in amino acid metabolism and DNA replication Downregulated gene sets included Imd/Toll (immunity) and P450 (xenobiotics) This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Dates et versions

hal-03800186 , version 1 (16-02-2024)

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Juliano Morimoto, Marius Wenzel, Davina Derous, Youn Henry, H Colinet. The transcriptomic signature of responses to larval crowding in Drosophila melanogaster. Insect Science, 2023, 30 (2), pp.539-554. ⟨10.1111/1744-7917.13113⟩. ⟨hal-03800186⟩
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