Repair of bone defect using bioglass-chitosan as a pharmaceutical drug: An experimental study in an ovariectomised rat model
Résumé
Bone loss associated with skeletal trauma or metabolic diseases often require bone grafting. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of bioactive glass-chitosan composite (BG-CH) produced by a freeze-drying process. BG containing 17% wt% CH was implanted in the femoral condyl of an ovariectomised rat. The resected bone was prepared for analysis using several physico-chemical techniques such as fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX). After 2 weeks, the implanted sample gave a spectrum in which two pronounced absorption bands with the maxima at 932 and 1036 cm(-1) arising from (Si-O-Si) groups disappeared 15 days after surgery. These bands were replaced 30 days after implantation by 601 and 564 cm(-1) (P- O) arisen form bone apatite bands. After 4 weeks, peaks at 31.6 and 25.8 degrees (2 theta) were registered thus inducing a degradation of BG-CH which occurred simultaneously with the implant replacement by the bone cells. Our data showed that the incorporation of 17% wt% CH with BG matrix promoted a highly significant bioactivity and generated an osteoinductive property. These effects might make BG-CH an effective biomaterials choice for the biomedical field.