Differential toxic effects of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine on human hepatocytes. - UFR SVE Sciences de la vie et de l'environnement Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Toxicology in Vitro Année : 2008

Differential toxic effects of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine on human hepatocytes.

Résumé

Thiopurines (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine) are therapeutic compounds widely administered in the clinic for their multiple uses (autoimmune diseases, post-transplant immunosuppression and cancer). Despite these advantages, their therapeutic potential is limited by occasional adverse effects (myelotoxicity and hepatotoxicity) and by a relatively frequent lack of efficacy. Previous studies have demonstrated that azathioprine decreased the viability of rat hepatocytes. In order to investigate cytotoxic effects of thiopurines in human liver, we used primary human hepatocytes and a highly differentiated human hepatoma cell line, HepaRG, treated or not with azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine. In parallel, expression of the genes involved in the metabolism of thiopurines, glutathione synthesis and antioxidant defences was measured by quantitative PCR. We clearly demonstrate that human liver parenchymal cells were much less sensitive than rat hepatocytes to thiopurine treatments. The toxic effects appeared after 96 h of treatment while ATP depletion was observed after a 24 h incubation with azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine. Toxic effects were more pronounced for azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine, when compared to 6-thioguanine, and might explain glutathione synthesis and antioxidant enzyme induction only by these two drugs. Finally, we also demonstrate for the first time an up-regulation by azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase which might have consequences on the de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides and thiopurines metabolism.

Domaines

Toxicologie

Dates et versions

hal-00677737 , version 1 (09-03-2012)

Identifiants

Citer

Elise Petit, Sophie Langouët, Hanane Akhdar, Christophe Nicolas-Nicolaz, André Guillouzo, et al.. Differential toxic effects of azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine on human hepatocytes.. Toxicology in Vitro, 2008, 22 (3), pp.632-42. ⟨10.1016/j.tiv.2007.12.004⟩. ⟨hal-00677737⟩
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