T he links between human rights and the environment have been strengthened in recent years, both at the international and at the European levels (I). Recent initia- tives concerning the “environmentally dis- placed” and some decisions reaffirming the rights of indigenous peoples illustrate this progress (II). The column also presents the responsibilities, in this regard, of the private sector (III); it discusses the developments concerning environmental democracy in Europe (IV) ; as well as the substantive and procedural dimensions of the emerging right to a healthy environment in Europe (V). Fi- nally, two environmental themes – climate and water, respectively – will be explored in greater depth in order to illustrate the impli- cations for human rights of the rise of envi- ronmental concerns (VI).